| Organized as 78th Aero Squadron | 28 Feb 1918 |
| Redesignated Squadron A, Taliaferro Field, Texas | 23 Jul 1918 |
| Demobilized | 15 Nov 1918 |
| Reconstituted & consolidated with 78th Observation Squadron (Constituted 18 Oct 1927) | 18 Oct 1927 |
| Redesignated 78th Pursuit Squadron (interceptor) | 22 Dec 1939 |
| Activated | 1 Feb 1940 |
| Redesignated 78th Fighter Squadron | 15 May 1942 |
| Redesignated 78th Fighter Squadron (Single Engine) | 20 Aug 1943 |
| Inactivated | 15 Oct 1946 |
| Redesignated 78th Fighter Interceptor Squadron | 11 Sep 1952 |
| Activated | 1 Nov 1952 |
| Redesignated 78th Fighter Bomber Squadron | 1 Apr 1954 |
| Redesignated 78th Tactical Fighter Squadron | 8 Jul 1958 |
| Inactivated | 1 May 1992 |
| Redesignated 78th Fighter Squadron | 22 Dec 1993 |
| Activated | 1 Jan 1994 |
| Inactivated | 30 Jun 2003 |
| Redesignated 78 Reconnaissance Squadron | 19 April 2006 |
| Activated | 19 May 2006 |
|
| Unknown | 28 Feb 1918 | 15 Nov 1918 |
| Unknown | 1 Apr 1931 | 1 Sep 1937 |
| Captain D W Jenkins | Feb 1940 | 20 Jul 1940 |
| Captain A J Hanna | 20 Jul 1940 | 30 Apr 1941 |
| Captain W P Fisher | 30 Apr 1941 | Unknown |
| Captain William R Clingerman | Unknown | 3 Jun 1942 |
| Major Sherwood E Buckland | 3 Jun 1942 | 25 Feb 1943 |
| Major Gordon R Hyde | 25 Feb 1943 | 23 May 1943 |
| Captain William Southerland | 23 May 1943 | 10 Dec 1943 |
| Captain Emmett L Kearney | 10 Dec 1943 | 14 Apr 1944 |
| Captain James M Vande Hey | 14 Apr 44 | 17 Apr 1945 |
| Major James B Tapp | 17 Apr 1945 | 25 Nov 1945 |
| Major John G Benner | 25 Nov 1945 | 29 Dec 1945 |
| Captain Edward F Gallup | 29 Dec 1945 | Unknown |
| Lieut Colonel Arlie J Blood | Nov 1952 | 1 Jun 1955 |
| Major Robert R Fredette | 1 Jun 1955 | 31 Dec 1956 |
| Major Herbert O Brennan | 31 Dec 1956 | 30 Jun 1958 |
| Lieut Colonel Charles E Simpson | 30 Jun 1958 | Jan 1960 |
| Major Harry K Barco, | Jan 1960 | 15 Feb 1961 |
| Lieut Colonel Ernest D Stuyvesant | 15 Feb 1961 | May 1964 |
| Major William H McMurray | May 1964 | Oct 1964 |
| Lieut Colonel Robert R Fredette | Oct 1964 | 9 Jun 1966 |
| Lieut Colonel William H McMurray | 9 Jun 1966 | 1 May 1967 |
| Lieut Colonel Frederick C Kyler | 1 May 1967 | Mar 1970 |
| Lieut Colonel Edward A Crimp | Mar 1970 | 1 May 1970 |
| Lieut Colonel Donald T Lynch | 1 May 1970 | 1 Feb 1971 |
| Lieut Colonel Robert L Cass | 1 Feb 1971 | 25 Sep 1971 |
| Lieut Colonel Gary L Dryden | 25 Sep 1971 | 4 Oct 1971 |
| Lieut Colonel Billy D Patton | 4 Oct 1971 | 16 Nov 1972 |
| Major George M Decell III | 16 Nov 1972 | 15 Jun 1973 |
| Major Robert R Pedigo | 15 Jun 1973 | 27 Jul 1973 |
| Lieut Colonel William C Hall | 27 Jul 1973 | 20 Jan 1975 |
| Lieut Colonel William Baechle | 20 Jan 1975 | 16 July 1976 |
| Lieut Colonel Sidney B Hudson | 16 Jul 1976 | 14 Jul 1978 |
| Lieut Colonel Michael W Harris | 14 Jul 1978 | 7 Jul 1980 |
| Lieut Colonel Glenn A Profift | 11 7 Jul 1980 | 25 Jun 1982 |
| Lieut Colonel Jock P Patterson | 25 Jun 1982 | Jun 1984 |
| Lieut Colonel R O Smith | Jun 1984 | Jun 1986 |
| Lieut Colonel R S Hinds | Jun 1986 | Sep 1987 |
| Lieut Colonel A W Moore | 11 Sep 1987 | Feb 1989 |
| Lieut Colonel V J White | Feb 1989 | May 1990 |
| Lieut Colonel W E Rial | May 1990 | Oct 1991 |
| Lieut Colonel J A Fortezzo | Oct 1991 | May 1992 |
| Lieut Colonel Michael T Cantwell | 1 Jan 1994 | 12 May 1995 |
| Lieut Colonel Charles M Dodd III | 12 May 1995 | Jun 1996 |
| Lieut Colonel John W. Armstrong | Jun 1996 | 22 May 1998 |
| Lieut Colonel Steven R F Searcy | 22 May 1998 | 23 Jun 2000 |
| Lieut Colonel James R Cody | 23 Jun 2000 | 17 May 2002 |
| Lieut Colonel Charles Q Brown, Jr | 17 May 2002 | 30 Jun 2003 |